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Aneane pau loaPCBs me nā papa ʻelua a i ʻole nā ​​papa he nui e hoʻohana ʻia i uhi ʻia i loko o nā lua (PTH) e hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻokele ma waena o nā papa o loko a i ʻole nā ​​papa waho, a i ʻole e paʻa i nā ʻāpana alakaʻi uea.No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēlā, pono nā ala pili maikaʻi no ka holo ʻana o ke au ma nā lua.Eia nō naʻe, ma mua o ke kaʻina hana plating, ʻaʻohe conductive ma nā puka ma muli o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o nā papa kaapuni i haku ʻia e nā mea substrate composite non-conductive (epoxy-glass, phenolic-pepa, polyester-glass, etc.).No ka hana ʻana i ka conduciveness ʻoiai nā ala puka, ma kahi o 25 microns (1 mil a i ʻole 0.001 in.) o ke keleawe a ʻoi aku paha i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hoʻolālā papa kaapuni e pono e waiho electrolytically ma nā paia o nā lua e hana i ka pilina kūpono.

Ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe keleawe electrolytical, ʻo ka hana mua ka hoʻoheheʻe keleawe kemika, i kapa ʻia ʻo electroless copper deposition, e kiʻi i ka papa conductive mua ma ka paia o nā lua o nā papa wili i paʻi ʻia.Hiki mai ka hopena ho'emi ho'emi autocatalytic ma ka ili o ka substrate ho'olele 'ole o nā lua.Ma luna o ka pā, ua waiho ʻia kahi ʻaʻahu keleawe lahilahi ma kahi o 1-3 micrometer mānoanoa.ʻO kāna kumu, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ka ʻili o ka puka e hiki ai ke kūkulu hou ʻia me ke keleawe i waiho electrolytically i ka mānoanoa i kuhikuhi ʻia e ka mea hoʻolālā papa uwila.Ma waho aʻe o ke keleawe, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka palladium, graphite, polymer, etc. ma ke ʻano he conductors.Akā ʻo ke keleawe ka koho maikaʻi loa no ka mea hoʻomohala uila i nā manawa maʻamau.

E like me ka IPC-2221A papa 4.2 i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka mānoanoa keleawe i hoʻohana ʻia e ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe keleawe electroless ma nā paia o PTH no ka waiho ʻana o ke keleawe maʻamau he 0.79 mil no ka papa Ⅰ a me ka Papa Ⅱ a me 0.98 mil no ka.papaⅢ.

ʻO ka laina hoʻoheheʻe keleawe kemika ua hoʻokele piha ʻia e ka lolouila a lawe ʻia nā paneli ma o kahi ʻauʻau ʻauʻau a me ka holoi ʻana e ka crane ma luna.I ka wā mua, ua mālama mua ʻia nā panela pcb, e hoʻoneʻe i nā koena a pau mai ka wili ʻana a hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka electro positiveness no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke keleawe.ʻO ke kaʻina koʻikoʻi ʻo ke kaʻina desmear permanganate o nā lua.I ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ua kālai ʻia kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka resin epoxy mai ka lihi o ka papa o loko a me nā paia o nā lua, e hōʻoia i ka pili.A laila hoʻokomo ʻia nā paia puka a pau i loko o ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau e hoʻohua ʻia me nā micro-particles o ka palladium i nā ʻauʻau ikaika.Mālama ʻia ka ʻauʻau ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka ea maʻamau a ke neʻe mau nei nā panela i loko o ka ʻauʻau no ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpū ea i hana ʻia i loko o nā lua.ʻO kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ke keleawe i waiho ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili holoʻokoʻa o ka pā a ʻeli ʻia nā lua ma hope o ka ʻauʻau ʻana o ka palladium.ʻO ka hoʻopili uila ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palladium e hāʻawi i ka hoʻopili ikaika loa o ka uhi keleawe i ka fiberglass.I ka hopena, lawe ʻia kahi nānā e nānā i ka porosity a me ka mānoanoa o ke kapa keleawe.

He mea koʻikoʻi kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa.ʻO ka hana hewa ʻole i ke kaʻina hana hiki ke hoʻopau i ka pūʻulu holoʻokoʻa o nā papa PCB.A ʻo ka maikaʻi hope loa o ka pcb e waiho nui i kēlā mau ʻanuʻu i ʻōlelo ʻia ma aneʻi.

I kēia manawa, me nā puka conductive, pili uila ma waena o nā papa o loko a me waho i hoʻokumu ʻia no nā papa kaapuni.ʻO ka hana aʻe, ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana i ke keleawe i loko o kēlā mau lua a me nā papa luna a me lalo o nā papa uwila i ka mānoanoa kikoʻī - copper electroplating.

ʻO nā laina hoʻoheheʻe keleawe electroless piha piha i ka PCB ShinTech me ka ʻenehana PTH ʻokiʻoki.

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